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Bouza Department
Bouza is a department of the Tahoua Region in Niger. Its capital lies at the city of Bouza, and also includes the town of Déoulé. As of 2011, the department had a total population of 386,093 people.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Annuaires_Statistiques )〕
==Culture and situation==
Bouza Department is in a largely Hausa-speaking area, which has become in the last century an area of marginal agriculture. There are also populations of Fula and Tuareg peoples who traditionally engage in nomadic and semi-nomadic animal husbandry: the Fula Woadabe with cattle and the Tuareg largely with camel. The major highway of the region, completed in the 1970s, bypassed Bouza to the east, heading south from Regional capitol Tahoua to the large southern city of Birni-N'Konni near the Nigerian border. The major (unpaved) road in the area -- RN16 runs through Bouza town from Madaoua to the south to Keita in the north, before reaching Tahoua in the northwest of the Region.〔(Projet d’aménagement des routes Tibiri-Dakoro et Madaoua-Bouza-Tahoua ). Banque Ouest-Africaine de Développement (BOAD) / République du Niger. OCIN Aprasial of funding, 2006.〕
Soil degradation, desertification, and poverty have meant that much of the young male population are involved in seasonal work outside the area, either in the south, Niamey, in other areas of West or North Africa. One side effect of this has left areas of Bouza Department vulnerable to HIV transmission. International Red Cross and Care International studies refer to one area of the department as the "Valley of the Widows", so high is the rate of young male mortality from HIV - AIDS.〔(HIV/AIDS and Poverty: CARE International Mata Masu Dubara (Women on the Move): Microcredit and Health Education for HIV/AIDS -Affected Women in Niger ), INTERNATIONAL SERVICE PROGRAM, funded by the Zonta International Foundation,2004-2006 PROJECTS.〕 Because of the poverty of the area, Bouza region was especially hard hit in the 2005 Niger food crisis,〔(WHO Emergency Health Program for the Food crises in Niger Situation Report # 2 ). 15–22 August 2005〕 and has been reported as a center of ongoing Cholera〔(WHO $ 1.3 million appeal to help meet Niger's health needs ), World Health Organisation, 10 Aug 2005〕 and childhood malnutrition.〔(Niger: International Activity Report, 2007 ) December 13, 2007, Médecins Sans Frontières〕 To slow desertification and soil degradation, Bouza department during the late 1960s thru the 1980s completed several successful forestry projects, some managed by U.S. Peace Corps Volunteers working in Niger's Waters and Forest Service (Eaux et Forets). The Majjia Valley field windbreak project was a success, the Yegalalan sand dune stabilization project led-to additional dune stabilization projects throughout the country, and currently one can see the fencing for savanna restoration project east of Bouza, near Karofane.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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